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ACID BASE PH CURVE

Home > PowerPoint Slides > ACID BASE PH CURVE
Published in: Chemistry
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Presentation includes: PH CURVE INDICATORS

Irfan U / Jeddah

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Qualification: M. Phil

Teaches: Chemistry, Science

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  1. CHAPTER ACID AND BASES PH CURVES 44 pH AT ENDPOINT pH 7 o O VOL, EQUIVALENCE POINT EQUIVALENCE POINT VOLUME, V 50.0 25.0 BASE ADDED
  2. OBJECTIVES: o Sketch the pH titration curves of titrations using combinations of strong and weak acids with strong and weak alkalis. o Select suitable indicators for acid-alkali titrations, given appropriate data (pKa values will not be used). O
  3. 14 •All pH curves show an s- shape curve •The midpoint of the inflection is called the equivalence or stoichi ometric point ENDPOINT EQUIVALENCE POINT EQUIVALENCE POINT 50.0 250 VOL, BASE ADDED
  4. PH CURVES From the curves you can: Determine the pH of the acid by looking where the curve starts on the y-axis Find the pH at the equivalence point Find volume of base at the equivalence point Obtain the range of pH at the vertical section of the curve O
  5. o Four Types of Acid-Base Titrations • strong acid + strong base weak acid + strong base weak base + strong acid weak acid + weak base O
  6. strong add - strong base pH 7 weak add - weak base strong add 7 - weak base pH 7 volume of add added weak add - strong base volume of add added pH 7 volume of add added volume of aad added
  7. Strong Acid + Strong Base HCI (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCl (aq) + H20 (l) the pH at equivalence is 7The equivalence point is in the middle of the vertical section of the pH curve 44 12 8 6 4 2 o HIGH pH EQUIVALENCE POINT pH = 7 5 pH 'l INTERCEPT •10 •15 20 VOLUME OF 25 30 35 40 NaOH ADDED (cm3) 45 50
  8. THIS IS THE POINT AT WHICH THE INDICATOR CHANGES COLOUR AND THE POINT AT WHICH NEUTRALISATION TAKES PLACE + OH — H20) .14 42 40 pH 8 6 4 2 EQUIVALENCE POINT VOLUME OF My Enrny All Rights VERTICAL REGION TITRANT ALKALINE REGION ACIDIC REGION (cm3)
  9. DRAW AXES WITH VOLUME ADDED (CM3) ON THE X-AXIS AND pH ON THE Y-AXIS 44 12 pH 8 VOLUME OF TITRANT (cm3)
  10. DRAW A HORIZONTAL LINE RUNNING PARALLEL TO THE X-AXIS 44 12 pH 8 6 4 2 VOLUME OF TITRANT ALKALINE REGION ACIDIC REGION (cm3)
  11. DETERMINE WHICH SUBSTANCE IS IN THE CONICAL FLASK If it is a strong acid the initial pH is about I or 2 If it is a weak acid the initial pH is about 2-3 If it is a strong alkali the initial pH is about 13-14 If it is a weak alkali the initial pH is about Il O
  12. DETERMINE WHICH SUBSTANCE IS IN THE CONICAL FLASK INITIAL pH 44 12 pH 8 6 4 2 VOLUME OF TITRANT ALKALINE REGION ACIDIC REGION (cm3)
  13. DETERMINE WHAT TYPE OF ACIDS AND ALKALI ARE USED Strong acid + strong alkali Strong acid + weak alkali Weak acid + strong alkali Weak acid + weak alkali O
  14. DETERMINE WHAT TYPE OF ACIDS AND ALKALI ARE USED FINAL pH INITIAL pH 12 pH 8 6 4 2 VOLUME OF TITRANT ALKALINE REGION ACIDIC REGION (cm3)
  15. DRAW THE pH TITRATION CURVE FINAL pH INITIAL pH 12 pH 8 6 4 2 EQUIVALENCE POINT VOLUME OF TITRANT ALKALINE REGION ACIDIC REGION (cm3)
  16. •STRONG ACID + STRONG ALKALI pH TITRATION CURVE THE pH TITRATION CURVE FOR NAOH ADDED TO A HCL HAS THIS SHAPE FINAL pH INITIAL pH 12 no pH 8 6 4 2 EQUIVALENCE POINT 25 cm3 VOLUME OF TITRANT ALKALINE REGION ACIDIC REGION (cm3)
  17. THE pH TITRATION CURVE FOR HCL ADDED TO A NAOH HAS THIS SHAPE INITIAL pH FINAL pH 12 pH 8 6 4 2 EQUIVALENCE POINT 25 cm: VOLUME OF TITRANT ALKALINE REGION ACIDIC REGION (cm3)
  18. STRONG ACID VS WEAK BASE o The equivalence point is the point at which all ions have been neutralised by the NH3 however the equivalence point is not neutral, but the solution is still acidic (pH about 5.5) FINAL pH INITIAL pH 42 pH 8 6 4 2 EQUIVALENCE POINT 25 crn3 VOLUME OF TITRANT ALKALINE REGION ACIDIC REGION (cm3) O
  19. ???.?? 0F 6 ?' ????•?? ??? 0F ???????
  20. WEAK ACID VS STRONG BASE o NaOH (aq) + CH3COOH (aq) CH3COONa (aq) + H20 (l) The equivalence point is the point at which all ions have been neutralised by the OH- ions however the equivalence points is not neutral, but the solution is HIGH pH slightly basic (pH about 9) O 14 12 10 pH 6 4 pH 3 INTERCEPT 2 EQUIVALENCE POINT 1/2 EQUIVALENCE POINT BUFFER REGION 5 10 {5 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 VOLUME OF NaOH ADDED
  21. WEAK ACID VS WEAK BASE nitially there are only 1-1+ ions present in solution from the dissociation of the weak acid (CH3COOH, ethanoic acid) (initial pH about 2-3) In these pH titration curves, there is no vertical region There is a 'point of inflexion' at the equivalence point The curve does not provide much other information o 44 42 40 pH 8 6 4 2 EQUIVALENCE POINT 25 cm3 VOLUME OF TITRANT ALKALINE REGION ACIDIC REGI (cm3)
  22. vau»e OF EQUIVALENCE POINT REGION ACIDIC REGION VOLUiÆ OF RANT
  23. INDICATORS pH '14 7 METHYL ORANGE PHENOLPHTHALEIN
  24. INDICATOR & pH RANGE TABLE Indicator Methyl Orange Phenolphthalein pH Range 3.4—4.4 8.3-40
  25. CHOOSING INDICATORS FOR TITRATIONS o Strong acid and strong alkali pH 14 PHENOLPHTHALEIN 7 VOLUME EQUIVALENCE POINT ADDED (cm3) O OF ACID
  26. STRONG ACID AND WEAK ALKALI pH '14 7 VOLUME OF ACID EQUIVALENCE POINT ADDED (cm3)
  27. WEAK ACID AND STRONG ALKALI pH '14 7 VOLUME OF ACID EQUIVALENCE POINT ADDED (cm3)
  28. WEAK ACID AND WEAK ALKALI pH '14 7 VOLUME OF ACID EQUIVALENCE POINT ADDED (cm3)

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